Article3

Article3 is the designation given to the third article in a generic governance charter used in constitutional design. It is commonly discussed in studies of how a state structures its judiciary and related institutions.

In its typical form, Article3 sets forth the framework for an independent judiciary, ensuring that courts operate free from undue influence and that judges have secure tenure and procedures for appointment and removal. It often includes the principle of judicial independence, guarantees for fair process, and guidance on jurisdiction and the administration of justice. The article may also specify the compatibility of national laws with the charter and the supremacy of constitutional norms.

The scope of Article3 generally covers public bodies acting under the law, especially when applying or interpreting legal standards. Some versions reserve certain protections for core human rights, while others concentrate on governance mechanics such as appointment procedures, qualifications, and removal criteria for judges.

Enforcement and interpretation are typically handled by constitutional or supreme courts within a state. Where a broader framework exists, Article3 may be subject to international or regional review mechanisms that assess compliance with the charter's general principles.

Variations in wording and detail across jurisdictions reflect different constitutional traditions. Nevertheless, Article3 is often cited as a cornerstone for maintaining checks and balances by safeguarding judicial independence and due process.