Arbeitender

Arbeitender is a German term formed from arbeiten (to work) with the present participle suffix -end. It can function as both an adjective and a noun, describing someone who is engaged in work and, when nominalized, referring to a person who works.

As an adjective, arbeitend describes ongoing activity, as in ein arbeitender Mann or eine arbeitende Person (a man who is working or a person who is working). When used as a noun, it takes capitalization: der Arbeitende (the working person) or die Arbeitenden (the working people). The feminine form is die Arbeitende, and the plural can be die Arbeitenden.

Usage and nuance:

The term is relatively neutral and formal. It is less common in everyday speech than terms such as Arbeiter (manual worker), Arbeitnehmer (employee), or Beschäftigte (staff members). Arbeitender is often found in sociological, legal, or philosophical contexts where the focus is on employment status or the condition of people who work, rather than on a specific occupation.

Grammatical notes:

As an adjective, arbeitend is written lowercase; when nominalized as a noun, it is capitalized. The word can be inflected for case in sentences, and its plural form is typically die Arbeitenden.

See also:

Arbeiter, Arbeitnehmer, Beschäftigte, Erwerbstätige, Arbeitskraft.

Overall, arbeitender serves as a neutral, inclusive term for someone who works, especially in formal or analytical discourse, complementing more occupation-specific or status-specific terms.