Antigivre

Antigivre, or anti-frost, refers to substances and methods designed to prevent frost or ice from forming on surfaces exposed to freezing temperatures, or to aid in its removal. The term is used in French-language contexts and is applied to automotive, aviation, architectural, and agricultural settings.

Approaches to antigivre fall into several categories. Chemical anti-icing and de-icing fluids are among the most common, often based on glycols (such as propylene glycol or ethylene glycol), alcohols, or saline brines (like calcium chloride or potassium acetate). In automotive use, antigivre sprays lower the freezing point and help prevent frost adhesion on windscreens. In aviation, standardized de-icing fluids are applied to aircraft surfaces to remove ice and provide temporary protection until takeoff; other products are designed for longer anti-ice performance.

Coatings and design features offer alternatives to chemical fluids. Hydrophobic or ice-phobic coatings reduce ice adhesion, while heated glass, electrically heated windshields, and insulated glazing keep surfaces above freezing. Mechanical methods, such as windscreen covers or car blankets, also prevent frost buildup.

Safety, environmental, and regulatory considerations are important. Glycol-based antifreeze products can be toxic to humans and wildlife if spilled or ingested; ethylene glycol, in particular, poses risks, though less toxic formulations exist (e.g., propylene glycol). Runoff can impact ecosystems, so appropriate handling and disposal are essential. In aviation, regulatory standards govern the selection and use of de-icing and anti-icing fluids, with strict procedures to avoid equipment contamination and ensure flight safety. The choice of antigivre product depends on surface, climate, and safety requirements.