Anochetus

Anochetus is a genus of ants in the subfamily Ponerinae. The species within this genus are commonly called trap-jaw ants because many possess elongated mandibles that can snap shut rapidly to seize prey or defend the nest. First described as a distinct genus by Mayr in 1887, Anochetus comprises numerous species distributed across tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, with a notable presence in Africa and Asia and additional species in the Americas.

Morphology and behavior of Anochetus ants are dominated by their specialized mandibles. The traps are used to catch prey quickly and efficiently, often enabling the ant to grab, immobilize, and transport small invertebrates such as termites and other arthropods. Members tend to be small to medium in size and have a slender body with a head and mandibles adapted for predatory activity. While primarily hunters, they may visit sugary resources opportunistically, but their foraging is largely ground- and leaf-litter oriented.

Ecology and habitat encompass nesting in soil, under stones, or within rotting wood and leaf litter. Foraging typically occurs at ground level, and colonies are generally small to moderate in size. Social structure includes queens that found new colonies following mating flights, workers that care for brood, and other castes depending on the species.

Taxonomy and related groups: Anochetus is closely related to the trap-jaw lineage that also includes Odontomachus, and together they are recognized for their rapid mandible strikes. The genus has a fossil record and has contributed to discussions of ant evolution and the development of trap-jaw mechanisms.