Alilämpöisyys

Alilämpöisyys, known in English as hypothermia, is a medical condition where the body loses heat faster than it can produce heat, causing a dangerously low body temperature. The normal human body temperature is around 37 degrees Celsius (98.6 degrees Fahrenheit). Hypothermia occurs when the core body temperature drops below 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit).

Several factors can contribute to hypothermia. Prolonged exposure to cold environments, especially wet or windy conditions, is a primary cause. Inadequate clothing that does not provide sufficient insulation also increases risk. Certain medical conditions such as hypothyroidism, malnutrition, or diseases that impair circulation can make individuals more susceptible. Age is also a factor, as infants and the elderly have less efficient thermoregulation.

Symptoms of hypothermia can vary depending on the severity. Mild hypothermia may present with shivering, confusion, and drowsiness. As the body temperature continues to drop, symptoms can progress to slurred speech, loss of coordination, weak pulse, and shallow breathing. Severe hypothermia can lead to unconsciousness, cardiac arrest, and death if not treated promptly.

Treatment for hypothermia involves rewarming the individual. This can be achieved through passive rewarming, such as removing wet clothing and covering the person with blankets, or active rewarming methods like using heating pads or warm compresses. In severe cases, medical intervention may include administering warm intravenous fluids or using specialized warming devices. Prevention is key and involves dressing appropriately for cold weather, staying dry, and avoiding prolonged exposure to low temperatures.