Alamvõrgud

Alamvõrgud, often translated as subnets or subnetworks, are logical divisions of a larger computer network. They are created by taking a single IP address range and dividing it into smaller, more manageable segments. This division is typically achieved through a process called subnetting, which involves using a subnet mask to designate which part of an IP address represents the network and which part represents the host within that network.

The primary purpose of alamvõrgud is to improve network performance and security. By segmenting a network, broadcast traffic is contained within a specific subnet, reducing overall network congestion. This means that data packets intended for one subnet do not flood other parts of the network, leading to faster communication. Furthermore, alamvõrgud enhance security by allowing network administrators to implement different security policies for each subnet. Access control lists (ACLs) can be applied to direct traffic between subnets, preventing unauthorized access to sensitive resources.

Alamvõrgud also simplify network management. Smaller network segments are easier to monitor, troubleshoot, and administer. It allows for the organization of devices based on their function or location, such as separating servers from workstations or different departments within an organization. This logical organization contributes to a more efficient and structured network infrastructure. The creation and management of alamvõrgud are fundamental concepts in network design and administration.