Akryylihartsi

Akryylihartsi, or acrylic resin, refers to a family of synthetic polymers derived from acrylic esters, most notably polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). These resins are produced by addition polymerization of monomers such as methyl methacrylate and related acrylates. Depending on formulation, acrylic resins are used as thermoplastics (for example PMMA sheets) or as cured resins that harden by heat, light, or chemical initiators (used in dentistry, coatings, and 3D printing).

Key properties include high optical clarity and light transmission, good weather and UV resistance, and adjustable stiffness. PMMA is known for its transparency and toughness relative to glass. Acrylic resins can be formulated to be rigid or somewhat flexible and are widely pigmented for coatings and artistic applications. They also offer a range of processing options, from solvent- or heat-cured systems to UV-curing resins used in rapid prototyping.

Common applications cover dentistry (denture bases and temporary crowns), protective and decorative coatings, art and jewelry casting, and consumer plastics (PMMA sheets, often sold as a glass substitute). In addition, acrylic resins are used in UV-curing 3D printing and various adhesive formulations.

Safety and environment: handling methyl methacrylate monomer requires ventilation, as it is an irritant and potential sensitizer. Proper curing minimizes residual monomer. PMMA is recyclable in some facilities, but it is not widely biodegradable and requires appropriate waste management.

History: PMMA and related acrylic resins were developed in the early 20th century and marketed under trade names such as Plexiglas and Lucite.