Acrylic

Acrylic refers to a family of synthetic polymers derived from acrylic or methacrylic acid esters. The term is commonly used for poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA, also known as acrylic plastic or acrylic glass, as well as the broader class of polyacrylates used in coatings, adhesives, and textiles. Acrylic materials are produced in various forms, including sheets, films, fibers, and resin powders.

Polymers of methyl methacrylate (PMMA) are transparent, lightweight, and rigid. PMMA offers excellent optical clarity and weather resistance, with higher impact strength than glass but less than polycarbonate. It can be molded, extruded, or thermoformed and is widely used as a glass substitute in architectural glazing, vehicle and aircraft components, signage, lenses, and consumer displays. PMMA can yellow or degrade under UV light without stabilization, but UV-resistant grades are available.

Acrylics also encompass a family of polyacrylate polymers used in paints, coatings, and adhesives. Acrylic paints are water-based emulsions that form durable films as they dry, favored for a wide color range, fast drying, and versatility on canvas, wood, and other substrates. In textiles, acrylic fibers—often based on polyacrylonitrile—provide warmth and softness and are used in sweaters, upholstery, and blends.

Synthesis typically involves free-radical polymerization of the corresponding esters, followed by processing through casting, extrusion, or molding. End-of-life considerations include recycling or reprocessing PMMA and managing additives in coatings and composites.