Ahorn

Ahorn, the German name for maple, refers to the genus Acer in the family Sapindaceae. Maples are trees and shrubs native to the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. The genus comprises about 90 to 100 species, including many deciduous trees and a few shrubs. Common characteristics include opposite, palmately lobed leaves, usually with five lobes, and two-winged fruits called samaras that spin as they descend.

Distribution and habitat: Maples are native to Europe, Asia, and North America. They occupy forests, riverbanks, and urban environments. Most species are adapted to cool temperate climates and tolerate a range of soils, though growth and leaf color vary by species.

Ecology and growth: Maples typically flower in spring; wind plays a major role in pollination. Seeds mature in autumn and are dispersed by wind. Growth rates vary; some species reach substantial size, while others are smaller shrubs.

Uses: Maple wood is a prized hardwood used in furniture, flooring, veneers, and musical instruments. Sap from several species, especially sugar maple (Acer saccharum), is processed into maple syrup. Ornamentally, maples are valued as street and park trees for their form and autumn foliage. The maple leaf is a symbol closely associated with Canada.

Taxonomy and notes: The genus Acer includes numerous species with diverse forms and leaf shapes; many are cultivated as ornamentals. In natural forests, maples contribute to biodiversity and provide habitat and food for various insects and animals.