Acidwashed

Acidwashed refers to textiles finished by an acid washing process, most commonly denim. The technique involves partially removing dye from fabric to create a faded, mottled look, with lighter patches and uneven coloration. The term is widely used for garments that have undergone this treatment and for the finish itself.

The process uses oxidizing agents such as chlorine or calcium hypochlorite applied to wet fabric, often along with mechanical abrasion such as pumice stones or rollers to accelerate color removal and texture. After treatment, the fabric is rinsed, neutralized, and finished to stabilize the color. The exact pattern depends on treatment duration, chemical concentration, and agitation.

Acid washing became popular in fashion during the 1980s, contributing to the distinctive vintage and rebellious aesthetic. It evolved from earlier bleaching experiments and can be combined with other finishes like stone washing or enzyme treatment. Some modern variants use milder chemistry or laser and ozone processes as alternatives.

Safety and environmental concerns accompany the practice. The chemicals used can be hazardous to workers and can generate fumes, so proper ventilation and protective gear are important. Wastewater treatment is required to remove residual chlorine and dyes, and regulatory standards influence production methods and disposal.

Notable points: while acidwashed is most associated with denim, the finish can be applied to other fabrics. The appearance can be uneven and variable, which is often considered a design characteristic. As environmental and safety considerations grow, some producers favor alternative methods that achieve similar aesthetics with reduced chemical use.