Acanthis

Acanthis is a genus of passerine birds in the finch family Fringillidae. The genus currently contains two species: the red-breasted (or common) rosefinch, Acanthis flammea, and the arctic redpoll, Acanthis hornemanni. Historically, other species were included in Acanthis, but genetic studies have led to their reclassification.

These small birds are typically found in northern boreal forests and tundra regions of Eurasia and North America. They are known for their streaked plumage and, in breeding males, a crimson or pinkish wash on the breast and crown. Their diet primarily consists of seeds, supplemented with insects during the breeding season.

Acanthis species are often migratory, moving south in winter to find food sources. They are social birds and can often be seen in flocks, especially outside the breeding season. Their nests are cup-shaped and built in trees or shrubs.

The genus name Acanthis is derived from the Ancient Greek word akanthis, meaning "thistle" or "thistle-finch," referring to their fondness for thistle seeds. The common names "rosefinch" and "redpoll" also allude to the reddish coloration found in some individuals. Conservation statuses for the two species vary, with populations generally considered stable, though subject to natural fluctuations and habitat changes.