õlivärv

Õlivärv is a type of paint characterized by its slow drying time and the use of drying oils as a binder. The binder is typically linseed oil, but other oils like walnut oil, poppy seed oil, or safflower oil can also be used. These oils undergo oxidation and polymerization when exposed to air, causing the paint to harden and form a durable film. The pigments are ground and mixed with the oil to create the color.

The slow drying nature of oil paint is a key characteristic, allowing artists to work on a painting for extended periods, blending colors smoothly and creating subtle transitions. This also facilitates techniques like glazing, where thin, transparent layers of color are applied over dried layers, building depth and luminosity. However, this slow drying time means that multiple layers may require significant drying periods between applications.

Oil paints are known for their rich color saturation, durability, and permanence. When properly applied and cared for, oil paintings can last for centuries. They are traditionally applied to prepared surfaces like canvas, wood panels, or specially primed paper. The sheen of oil paint can vary depending on the oil-to-pigment ratio and the presence of additives, ranging from matte to high gloss. Solvents such as turpentine or mineral spirits are commonly used to thin the paint and clean brushes.