érperforáció

Érperforáció, or vascular perforation, refers to an unintended breach or rupture of a blood vessel's wall during medical procedures, such as surgical interventions, angiography, or catheterizations. This complication can occur in arteries, veins, or capillaries and may lead to bleeding, hematoma formation, or other vascular-related issues.

The causes of érperforáció are multifaceted, including procedural trauma from instrumentation, arterial puncture mishaps, or the use of excessive force during interventions. Patient-related factors such as fragile blood vessels, anticoagulation therapy, or underlying vascular disorders may also increase the risk of perforation.

Clinical presentation varies depending on the location and severity of the perforation. Common signs include sudden bleeding, swelling, pain, or a drop in blood pressure if significant hemorrhage occurs. In some cases, perforations may be asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during imaging or post-procedure assessments.

Prevention strategies primarily focus on meticulous technique, careful manipulation of instruments, and appropriate patient selection. When érperforáció occurs, management depends on its size and impact. Small punctures may resolve spontaneously or with conservative measures such as compression or observation. Larger perforations often require more invasive interventions, including endovascular techniques like coil embolization or surgical repair to control bleeding and restore vascular integrity.

Timely detection and appropriate management are essential to minimize complications and ensure patient safety. Medical professionals should maintain vigilance during procedures involving vascular access to identify perforations early and implement suitable interventions accordingly.