érelmeszesedéssel

Érelmeszesedéssel, also known as atherosclerosis, is a common condition characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries. This occurs when plaque, a deposit of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other substances, builds up on the inner walls of the arteries. Over time, this plaque can harden and restrict blood flow to vital organs like the heart and brain.

The exact cause of atherosclerosis is not fully understood, but several risk factors are known to contribute to its development. These include high cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and a family history of heart disease. Age also plays a role, with the risk increasing as people get older.

Symptoms of érelmeszesedéssel often do not appear until the arteries are significantly narrowed or blocked, leading to serious health problems. Depending on the affected arteries, symptoms can include chest pain (angina) if the heart arteries are involved, or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) or strokes if the brain arteries are affected. Peripheral artery disease can cause leg pain during exercise.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and various tests such as blood tests to check cholesterol and blood sugar levels, electrocardiograms (ECG), stress tests, and imaging techniques like ultrasound or angiography.

Treatment aims to slow the progression of the disease, manage risk factors, and prevent complications. This may involve lifestyle changes such as adopting a healthy diet, regular exercise, quitting smoking, and losing weight. Medications can be prescribed to lower cholesterol, blood pressure, or blood sugar. In some cases, surgical procedures like angioplasty or bypass surgery may be necessary to restore blood flow.