Återbeställningspunkten

Återbeställningspunkten, also known as the reorder point or ROP, is a key concept in inventory management. It represents the specific inventory level at which a new order should be placed to replenish stock before it runs out. The primary goal of implementing a reorder point is to prevent stockouts, which can lead to lost sales, customer dissatisfaction, and production delays.

The calculation of the reorder point typically involves two main factors: lead time demand and safety stock. Lead time demand is the amount of inventory that is expected to be consumed during the time it takes for a new order to arrive after it has been placed. Safety stock is an additional buffer of inventory held to mitigate the risk of unexpected demand surges or delays in replenishment.

A common formula for calculating the reorder point is: ROP = (Average Daily Usage × Lead Time in Days) + Safety Stock. For example, if a company uses an average of 10 units per day and its lead time for a particular item is 5 days, with a safety stock of 20 units, the reorder point would be (10 × 5) + 20 = 70 units. When the inventory level drops to 70 units, a new order should be placed.

Accurate forecasting and reliable lead time data are crucial for effective reorder point management. If these factors are not precise, the reorder point may be set too high, leading to excess inventory and carrying costs, or too low, increasing the risk of stockouts. Regular review and adjustment of the reorder point are necessary to adapt to changing business conditions and demand patterns.