yunga

Yunga is a term used in parts of South America, particularly in Peru and Bolivia, to describe a particular altitudinal zone. This zone is characterized by a temperate climate, lying between the high Andean puna and the warmer tropical lowlands. It is often referred to as the "cloud forest" or "montane forest" region.

The yungas are known for their rich biodiversity, owing to the varied microclimates created by elevation, rainfall, and aspect. This environment supports a wide array of plant and animal life, including many endemic species. Vegetation typically includes dense forests with mosses, ferns, orchids, and a variety of trees. Birdlife is particularly diverse, with many hummingbird and tanager species found in these areas.

Economically, the yungas are important for agriculture. The fertile soils and suitable climate allow for the cultivation of crops such as coffee, coca, citrus fruits, bananas, and various tubers. Historically, these regions have also been pathways for trade and travel between the highlands and the Amazon basin. The accessibility of the yungas can vary, with some areas being remote and others having developed infrastructure.