vinylkloridimonomeerin

Vinylkloridimonomeerin, commonly known as vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), is the vinyl halide monomer used to produce polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Its chemical formula is C2H3Cl and the IUPAC name is chloroethene. It is a colorless gas at room temperature and a volatile liquid at higher pressures, with a boiling point of −13.9 °C. It is highly flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air.

Industrial production of VCM is dominated by the dehydrochlorination of ethylene dichloride (1,2-dichloroethane), which is derived from ethylene and chlorine. The process releases hydrogen chloride as a byproduct and is typically followed by purification steps to remove impurities. VCM is commonly stored under conditions that minimize the risk of polymerization, often with inhibitors such as hydroquinone (HQ) or hydroquinone monomethyl ether (MEHQ) added to prevent uncontrolled polymerization during handling and transport.

VCM is the principal feedstock for the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). PVC resins and compounds are widely used in construction (pipes, profiles, siding), electrical and cable insulation, packaging, and automotive components. In industry, VCM undergoes radical polymerization through various routes (suspension, emulsion, or bulk) to form PVC, with process controls required to manage heat release and residual monomer levels.

Health, safety, and regulation are central to VCM handling. Inhalation of high concentrations can be hazardous; long-term exposure has been associated with liver cancer in workers, and vinyl chloride is classified as a possible human carcinogen by international agencies. Occupational exposure limits exist in many jurisdictions. Environmental and regulatory frameworks (such as REACH and corresponding national programs) govern production, transport, use, and emissions of VCM to minimize risks.