vasculaire

Vasculaire is a term used in medicine to refer to the vascular system, including the network of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels that supply and drain tissues. In French and other languages, vasculaire is the counterpart of the English term vascular, and it is applied to anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the vessels and their surrounding structures.

The vasculature comprises arteries, veins, and capillaries that form the arterial-venous network, as well as the lymphatic system. This system supports tissue perfusion by delivering oxygen and nutrients and removing waste products. The microcirculation, consisting of arterioles, capillaries, and venules, controls local blood flow and interacts with endothelial cells, smooth muscle, and circulating blood cells. Lymphatic vessels contribute to fluid balance and immune function, returning interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and transporting immune cells and fat-soluble substances.

Development and regulation of the vasculaire involve processes such as vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, guided by molecular signals including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietins. Endothelial integrity, vessel elasticity, and coordinated vasomotor control are essential for stable perfusion and blood pressure regulation.

Clinical relevance centers on disorders of the vasculaire, such as atherosclerosis, aneurysms, vasculitis, peripheral arterial disease, venous insufficiency, varicose veins, and lymphedema. Diagnosis commonly uses imaging techniques like Doppler ultrasound, CT angiography, MR angiography, and lymphoscintigraphy. Treatments span lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy (antiplatelets, statins, antihypertensives), and revascularization or endovascular procedures, targeting restoration or preservation of vascular function. Understanding the vasculaire is essential in fields ranging from cardiology and neurology to oncology and rheumatology.