vahendades
Vahendades is the Estonian gerundial participle formed from the verb vahendada. In Estonian grammar, vahendades functions as an adverbial participle that expresses instrumentality: it conveys the means by which the action of the main clause is carried out, roughly translating to “by using” or “through the use of” in English.
Form and syntax: The form ends with the suffix -des and does not agree with any subject.
Usage: vahendades occurs primarily in formal, technical, or legal language, as well as in academic prose. It
Notes: The term is primarily a grammatical tool rather than a standalone lexical item with a single
See also: Estonian grammar, adverbial participles, non-finite clauses, gerunds.