upasika

An upasika is a lay Buddhist practitioner, specifically a woman who has taken refuge in the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (his teachings), and the Sangha (the monastic community). This act of taking refuge signifies a commitment to follow the Buddhist path. While the term upasika specifically refers to a female follower, the male equivalent is upasaka. Together, they represent the lay supporters of the Buddhist tradition.

Upasikas are integral to the functioning of Buddhist communities, often contributing through donations, providing support to monastics, and participating in religious activities. They are expected to observe a set of ethical guidelines, typically the Five Precepts, which include abstaining from killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying, and intoxicants. Beyond these basic precepts, some upasikas may choose to observe additional vows or practices.

The role of the upasika has historical roots, with many prominent female disciples mentioned in the Buddhist scriptures who played significant roles in the early development of Buddhism. Their dedication and practice are seen as essential for the continuation and spread of the Dharma. An upasika is not a monastic but lives a secular life while striving to cultivate wisdom and compassion through Buddhist practice.