tõlkes

Tõlkes is an Estonian word meaning “in translation” or “as translated.” It is a form derived from the noun tõlge (translation) and is used in written Estonian to indicate that a text or passage is presented in another language, rather than in its original form. In practice, tõlkes helps distinguish between original texts and their translated versions, a distinction that appears frequently in literary criticism, publishing, and translation studies.

Usage and contexts: Tõlkes is commonly found in phrases describing works available in translation, such as romaani tõlkes (the novel in translation) or in discussions about a translated version, tõlkeversioon. It also appears in cataloging, bibliographies, and academic writing when referencing material that has been rendered into Estonian from another language. The term thus serves as a practical label for translations without implying a change to the original work itself.

Relation to other terms: The concept of tõlkes is closely linked to tõlge (translation), originaal (original), and tõlkimine (the act of translating). In studies of literature and translation, conversations about tõlkes often engage with issues of fidelity, localization, and adaptation, examining how meaning is conveyed or altered in translation and how translations are presented to readers.

See also: tõlge, originaal, tõlkimine, tõlkeversioon.