tundmishäiretele

Tundmishäired, known in English as mood disorders, encompass a range of mental health conditions characterized by disturbances in a person's emotional state. These disorders affect how an individual feels, thinks, and behaves, often leading to significant distress and functional impairment. The most well-known types of mood disorders include depression and bipolar disorder.

Depression, or major depressive disorder, is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbances, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, difficulty concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide. These symptoms must be present for at least two weeks and represent a significant change from the person's usual functioning.

Bipolar disorder, on the other hand, involves dramatic shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels. Individuals with bipolar disorder experience periods of elevated mood, known as mania or hypomania, which can include increased energy, decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, impulsivity, and grandiose ideas. These manic episodes are typically followed by periods of depression. The severity and duration of these mood swings can vary greatly.

Other conditions that fall under the umbrella of mood disorders include persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), seasonal affective disorder (SAD), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Treatment for mood disorders often involves a combination of psychotherapy (talk therapy) and medication, tailored to the individual's specific diagnosis and symptom severity. Early identification and intervention are crucial for effective management and improved quality of life.