transfuusie

Transfusion is the process of transferring blood or blood components from one individual to another. This medical procedure is commonly used to replace lost blood, restore blood volume, or replenish specific blood components such as red blood cells, plasma, or platelets. Transfusions are essential in treating severe injuries, chronic diseases, surgical complications, and conditions like anemia, bleeding disorders, and certain cancers.

The process typically involves drawing blood from a donor or a blood bank and administering it to a recipient through an intravenous (IV) line. Before transfusion, both the donor and recipient undergo compatibility testing to ensure the blood types and Rh factors match, reducing the risk of adverse reactions. Common blood types include A, B, AB, and O, with the Rh factor being either positive or negative. Type O negative blood is often referred to as the universal donor because it can be transfused to individuals with any blood type in emergencies, though it lacks antibodies that may be needed in some cases.

Transfusions can involve whole blood, which contains all components, or specific components like packed red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma, or platelets. The choice depends on the patient’s condition and medical needs. While transfusions are generally safe, risks such as allergic reactions, infections, and immune responses exist, though they are rare with proper screening and administration protocols. Modern medical practices emphasize the use of blood products only when necessary to minimize risks and conserve supplies.

Blood donation is a voluntary process regulated by health authorities to ensure safety and quality. Donors must meet specific criteria, including good health, adequate iron levels, and no history of certain infections. Blood centers rely on regular donations to maintain sufficient supplies for medical emergencies and routine treatments. Public awareness campaigns encourage safe donation practices to support transfusion-dependent patients worldwide.