transaccions

Transaccions, also known as transactions, are exchanges where value, goods, or services are transferred between one or more parties under agreed terms. They encompass financial, commercial, and data-related exchanges and can occur in person, online, or via intermediaries. The term is used across industries, from banking and retail to digital platforms and supply chains.

A typical transacció involves several elements: participating parties, a method or instrument of exchange, consideration or compensation, defined terms, and a record of the exchange. The rights and obligations of each party are established, and the transaction is documented for auditing and dispute resolution.

Key processes include initiation, authorization or approval, clearance or netting, and settlement. Some transactions are real-time, while others occur in batches or on set schedules. Settlement may involve transferring funds, transferring ownership, or both, and often requires reconciliation between the involved systems or ledgers.

Standards and technology support transaccions. Messaging standards such as ISO 20022 and payment networks like SWIFT facilitate cross-border exchanges, while card networks and payment gateways handle consumer payments. Increasingly, distributed ledger technology and smart contracts enable decentralized or automated transactions, with blockchain-based systems offering immutable records and programmable terms.

Regulation and security are central to transaccions. Compliance areas include anti-money laundering (AML), know your customer (KYC), data privacy, and consumer protection. Industry standards such as PCI DSS govern card data security. Risk management, fraud prevention, reconciliation, and dispute resolution are essential components of transaction governance.

Examples include an online purchase, a bank transfer, or a stock trade. Cross-border transactions introduce currency exchange considerations and additional regulatory scrutiny. See also: transaction cost, ledger, and blockchain.