toluenen

Toluene, also known as methylbenzene, is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C7H8. It is a colorless, water-insoluble liquid with a characteristic pungent odor. Toluene is derived from petroleum and is commonly found in gasoline. It is also produced during the process of making coke from coal.

Industrially, toluene is primarily used as a solvent and as a precursor in the production of other chemicals. Its excellent solvency properties make it useful in paints, coatings, adhesives, and as a cleaning agent for industrial equipment. In the chemical industry, toluene is a key ingredient in the synthesis of benzene, xylene, and various other organic compounds, including polyurethane, which is used in foams and plastics. It is also a component in the production of explosives like TNT (trinitrotoluene).

Toluene is flammable and its vapors can form explosive mixtures with air. Exposure to high concentrations of toluene vapor can cause central nervous system depression, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, headaches, confusion, and in severe cases, unconsciousness. Prolonged or repeated skin contact can lead to irritation and dermatitis. Due to these health and safety concerns, strict handling procedures and protective measures are necessary when working with toluene. Environmental regulations often govern its release into the atmosphere and water.