toibumine

Toibumine is a rare and poorly documented mineral that belongs to the class of sulfosalts, a group of compounds characterized by a combination of sulfur and other elements, typically metals. Its chemical formula is Pb₃Sb₄S₁₃, indicating it consists of lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), and sulfur (S). The mineral was first identified in the early 20th century, though its occurrence remains limited to a few specific geological settings.

Toibumine is typically found in hydrothermal veins associated with silver-lead-zinc deposits, often alongside other sulfosalts such as bournonite, jamesonite, and semseyite. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, forming small, tabular or prismatic crystals that are usually black or dark gray in color. Due to its rarity, well-formed specimens are extremely scarce, and the mineral is primarily known from a few localities, including the type locality in the Toibum mine in Romania.

The name "toibumine" derives from the Toibum mine, where it was first discovered. Like many sulfosalts, toibumine exhibits metallic luster and a high density, reflecting its metallic composition. Its hardness on the Mohs scale is approximately 2.5 to 3, making it relatively soft compared to other minerals. Due to its scarcity and limited occurrence, toibumine is not commercially significant and is primarily of interest to mineralogists and collectors.

The mineral’s structure and properties have been studied using techniques such as X-ray diffraction, which confirms its complex sulfosalt framework. Research on toibumine remains limited, and further geological and crystallographic investigations could provide additional insights into its formation and occurrence. As with many rare minerals, toibumine serves as an important subject for mineralogical research and the study of hydrothermal processes.