teachersobservation

Teacher observation is a systematic process in which trained observers watch classroom teaching to gather evidence about instructional practices and student engagement. Conducted for professional development, accountability, or program evaluation, it aims to describe what happens in the classroom and to support teachers in improving their practice while ensuring student learning is prioritized.

Observations can be formal or informal, announced or unannounced. Observers use structured rubrics or frameworks to document specific domains such as planning and preparation, instructional delivery, classroom management, assessment strategies, and student involvement. Data sources may include field notes, checklists, artifacts, and sometimes video recordings, and may be complemented by teacher self-reflection or student feedback.

Feedback is the core of the process, often delivered through follow-up conversations, goal setting, and collaborative planning. Many programs implement observation cycles that combine coaching, professional development resources, and opportunities for revision. The goal is to enhance instructional quality and student learning, not merely to assign a grade.

Implementation varies by jurisdiction and district, and ethical practice emphasizes fairness, confidentiality, and use of observation results to support growth rather than punitive action. Reliability and bias concerns are addressed through multiple observations, calibration sessions among observers, and clear, evidence-based criteria.