taushets

Taushets, also referred to as taushetsplikt or equivalent terms in Nordic languages, denotes the legal duty to protect confidential information obtained in the course of professional work. It obliges professionals to refrain from disclosing sensitive details about clients, patients, or colleagues unless an established exception applies. The concept rests on trust between professionals and those who seek help or services.

The scope of taushets usually covers health care providers, social workers, teachers, lawyers, and other public or semi-public occupations where information acquired in the course of duties is considered sensitive. It applies to both spoken and written information and extends to records, records-keeping systems, and electronic communications. The obligation aims to balance individual privacy with the public interest in safe, effective services.

Legal basis and exceptions vary by country and profession but commonly include: consent from the data subject to disclose information; mandatory reporting or information sharing to protect third parties (for example, risk of harm to a child or vulnerable person); necessity to coordinate care or services; and certain information that may be disclosed under formal authority procedures. Professional codes of ethics often reinforce taushetsplikt, specifying how to handle breaches and the extent of permissible disclosure.

Breach of taushetsplikt can lead to disciplinary measures, professional sanctions, civil liability, or criminal penalties, depending on the jurisdiction and severity. Breaches are typically more serious when they involve vulnerable groups or trade secrets. In practice, professionals are advised to minimize data exposure, anonymize data when possible, and document any disclosures that fall under permitted exceptions. The concept reflects a broader emphasis on privacy, confidentiality, and the responsible handling of personal information in public life.