tapotement

Tapotement is a mechanical percussion technique used in massage therapy and, in some forms, in respiratory physiotherapy. It involves rhythmic percussive movements on the soft tissues of the body, typically performed with the hands, edges of the hands, or cupped hands. It is one of the traditional Swedish massage techniques, alongside effleurage, petrissage, friction, and vibration.

The term tapotement encompasses several forms. Tapping, or percussion, uses light, rapid striking with the fingertips or the flat of the hand. Hacking employs the lateral edge of the hand in a chopping motion. Cupping uses hands shaped like cups to deliver blows. Beating involves very quick, rhythmic blows with a flat hand. Practitioners vary intensity and speed to suit tissue type, treatment goals, and patient tolerance, keeping wrists relaxed to allow coordinated movements.

Physiological effects commonly attributed to tapotement include stimulation of cutaneous receptors, enhanced local blood flow, and improved lymphatic drainage. It can help awaken fatigued tissues, prepare muscles for deeper work, and, in chest physiotherapy, assist in loosening bronchial secretions. Tapotement is usually applied as a finishing or revitalizing component of a session or as a preparatory step before deeper techniques.

Safety and indications: Tapotement should be used with care near fragile skin, acute injuries, fractures, osteoporosis, open wounds, infections, or areas with impaired sensation or vascular problems. In the chest, percussion is performed only by trained professionals and is avoided if there are rib injuries or certain lung conditions. Practitioners tailor technique to the individual and monitor response throughout treatment.