tanulmány

Tanulmány is a Hungarian noun with several related meanings. It most commonly denotes a scholarly article or a piece of research written to analyze a topic in depth and intended for publication in an academic journal or collection. A tanulmány presents a question, describes methods, discusses evidence, and states conclusions. The plural tanulmányok refers to individual articles or studies.

In a broader sense, tanulmány also means the act or product of studying, such as a detailed examination of a subject, a written inquiry, or a short research report. Additionally, it can refer to a period of formal study or to one’s field of study, generally translated as studies or course of study in English. For example, felsőfokú tanulmányok means higher studies; az én tanulmányom means my studies.

Distinctions: In Hungarian, értekezés (thesis or dissertation) and doktori disszertáció are usually larger, more comprehensive works, whereas dolgozat can be a term paper or assignment. A tanulmány is often shorter and intended for publication or for a class assignment rather than for a degree requirement. Context and level determine translation as essay, article, or study.

Translations and usage: In English-language contexts, tanulmány is most often translated as study or article, depending on the sense. In bibliographies and academic writing, it may appear as tanulmány, or translated if necessary as 'paper' or 'article.' See also tanulmányozás, értekezés, dolgozat, cikk.