tannsykdommer

Tannsykdommer, also known as periodontal diseases, encompass a group of inflammatory conditions affecting the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. These diseases are primarily caused by bacteria in dental plaque, a sticky film that constantly forms on teeth.

The most common forms of tannsykdommer are gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis is the milder, reversible stage, characterized by inflammation of the gums. Symptoms include red, swollen, and bleeding gums, often noticeable during brushing. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis.

Periodontitis is a more severe form where the inflammation extends beyond the gums to the supporting bone and connective tissues. In periodontitis, the gums may pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that collect more plaque and bacteria. This can lead to the destruction of the bone that holds the teeth in place. As the disease progresses, teeth may loosen and eventually fall out.

Risk factors for developing tannsykdommer include poor oral hygiene, smoking, diabetes, certain genetic predispositions, and hormonal changes such as those during pregnancy. Regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings are crucial for early detection and management. Treatment typically involves thorough cleaning to remove plaque and calculus, and in more advanced cases, surgical procedures may be necessary to repair damaged tissues. Maintaining good oral hygiene practices at home, including regular brushing and flossing, is essential for preventing and managing these conditions.