tannholdsjúkdóma

Tannholdsjúkdóma, commonly known as periodontal disease, is an infection affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth. It begins with gingivitis, an inflammation of the gums characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding, often caused by plaque buildup. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more severe form of the disease.

In periodontitis, the gums pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that become infected. The body's immune response and bacterial toxins can then break down the bone and connective tissue that hold teeth in place. This can lead to tooth loosening and eventual tooth loss.

Risk factors for developing tannholdsjúkdóma include poor oral hygiene, smoking, diabetes, hormonal changes, certain medications, and genetic predisposition. Symptoms can range from persistent bad breath and a metallic taste in the mouth to receding gums, changes in bite, and loose teeth.

Prevention is key and primarily involves diligent daily brushing and flossing to remove plaque. Regular dental checkups and professional cleanings are also crucial for early detection and management. Treatment for tannholdsjúkdóma depends on its severity and may include deep cleaning procedures like scaling and root planing, antibiotics, or in advanced cases, surgical interventions. Maintaining good oral hygiene and addressing risk factors can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing or worsening this condition.