tacómetro

A tacómetro is an instrument used to measure the rotational speed of a shaft or disk, typically in revolutions per minute (RPM). It is commonly found in vehicles to display the engine's rotational speed. The operation of a tacómetro can be based on various principles, including mechanical, electrical, or optical methods.

Mechanical tacómetros utilize a centrifugal governor or a flexible cable driven by the rotating component. As the speed increases, the centrifugal force causes weights to move outward, which in turn moves a needle on a dial. Electrical tacómetros often generate a voltage or pulse signal proportional to the rotational speed, which is then processed and displayed. Optical tacómetros, also known as photo-tachometers, use a light beam and a sensor to detect reflective markers on the rotating object, counting the reflections per unit of time to determine RPM.

In automotive applications, the tacómetro provides the driver with information about the engine's operating range, aiding in efficient gear selection and preventing over-revving. Beyond vehicles, tacómetros are used in industrial machinery, engines, and scientific equipment where precise measurement of rotational speed is critical for monitoring performance, diagnosing issues, or controlling processes. The accuracy and range of a tacómetro vary depending on its design and intended application.