sünnimärkide

Sünnimärk, also known as a birthmark, is a common skin discoloration present at birth or appearing shortly thereafter. These marks can vary greatly in appearance, size, shape, and color, and are generally categorized into two main types: pigmented birthmarks and vascular birthmarks.

Pigmented birthmarks are caused by an overgrowth of melanocytes, the cells that produce pigment in the skin. Common examples include moles (nevi), café-au-lait spots, and Mongolian spots. Moles can range from small and flat to large and raised, and their color can be brown, black, or even flesh-toned. Café-au-lait spots are typically light brown and oval-shaped. Mongolian spots are bluish-gray and most commonly found on the lower back or buttocks, particularly in infants of Asian descent.

Vascular birthmarks result from the abnormal development of blood vessels. These include port-wine stains, hemangiomas, and salmon patches. Port-wine stains are usually flat, red or purple marks that can grow larger over time. Hemangiomas are raised, red or purplish lumps that are often present at birth or appear within the first few weeks of life; they can grow rapidly and then gradually fade. Salmon patches, also known as nevus simplex or stork bites, are flat, pinkish or reddish marks commonly found on the eyelids, forehead, or back of the neck, which usually disappear within the first year of life.

The exact cause of birthmarks is not always understood, but they are generally not hereditary. Most birthmarks are benign and do not require medical treatment. However, in some cases, a birthmark may be associated with an underlying medical condition, or it may be a cosmetic concern for the individual, leading to options for removal through laser therapy or surgery.