szenzorhálózatoknak

Szenzorhálózatoknak, commonly referred to as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), are distributed, self-organizing systems that are comprised of numerous spatially dispersed, autonomous devices called sensor nodes. These nodes are equipped with sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion, or pollutants, and can independently communicate the information gathered through wireless methods.

The primary function of a sensor network is to collect data from its environment and transmit it to a central location or base station for analysis. Each sensor node typically consists of a microcontroller, a transceiver for wireless communication, a power source (often batteries), and a sensing unit. The decentralized nature of WSNs allows for a high degree of robustness and fault tolerance, as the failure of a single node does not necessarily disrupt the entire network.

Sensor nodes can communicate with each other either directly or by relaying data through intermediate nodes, forming a mesh network. This multi-hop communication enables data to be transmitted over longer distances than a single node could achieve. The applications of WSNs are vast and diverse, spanning environmental monitoring, industrial automation, healthcare, smart agriculture, military surveillance, and urban planning. Their ability to gather real-time, localized data makes them invaluable tools for a wide range of monitoring and control tasks.