svastika

The svastika, often transliterated as swastika, is an ancient symbol used across the Indian subcontinent and parts of Asia. It consists of a cross with four arms bent at right angles, and its arms may point clockwise or counterclockwise. The name comes from Sanskrit svasti, meaning “auspiciousness” or “well-being.”

In Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, the svastika is a symbol of good fortune, prosperity, and the cosmic order. It is commonly drawn on temple thresholds, altars, doors, and ritual objects, and it appears in art, jewelry, and decorations during festivals and ceremonies. In Hindu practice, the clockwise (right-facing) form is especially associated with auspicious beginnings, while the counterclockwise (left-facing) form appears in some contexts and is interpreted differently across traditions.

Historically, the symbol appears in ancient India and has spread through much of Asia, often taking on regional meanings and variants. In Buddhist contexts, it can signify the spread of dharma and auspiciousness. In East Asia, the symbol is known as manji in Japan and is used in religious art and architecture; it carries positive connotations distinct from its later Western associations.

In the 20th century, the svastika was appropriated by the Nazi Party, leading to a lasting association with Nazism in the Western world. This has complicated its display in many contexts outside of religious or historical settings. In many parts of Asia, however, the symbol remains a sacred emblem of luck and auspiciousness, used in daily life and ritual without political implications.