sutemi

Sutemi is a Japanese term often encountered in martial arts, particularly in judo and jujitsu. It translates literally to "abandoning the body" or "sacrifice throw." The core concept of sutemi involves sacrificing one's own stable, upright position to execute a throw or technique. This often means deliberately going to the ground or using the opponent's momentum to unbalance them in a way that results in both individuals falling.

The intention behind a sutemi waza is to gain a superior position or to finish the fight quickly. While it appears to be a defensive or even reckless maneuver, a well-executed sutemi throw is a calculated risk. The practitioner must possess a deep understanding of timing, leverage, and their opponent's movements to avoid being put in a disadvantageous position themselves. It requires significant skill to transition from a compromised stance to an offensive one, or to control the opponent during the fall.

In judo, sutemi waza are categorized as either "ma-sutemi" (rear sacrifice) or "yoko-sutemi" (side sacrifice), depending on the direction of the throw. These techniques are distinct from simply falling down; they are active offensive actions that utilize the opponent's weight and posture. Mastering sutemi techniques allows a martial artist to overcome opponents who might be larger or stronger by employing speed, agility, and strategic falling. The practice of sutemi emphasizes the principle that sometimes yielding the immediate advantage can lead to a greater one.