stopplengde

Stopplengde is the total distance a vehicle travels from the moment a driver perceives the need to stop until the vehicle comes to rest. It is the sum of perception-reaction distance and braking distance. Perception-reaction distance is the distance travelled during the driver’s reaction time, typically speed multiplied by reaction time. Braking distance is the distance required to decelerate from the initial speed to a full stop, determined by braking deceleration and road-tire friction.

Several factors influence stopplengde: road conditions (dry, wet, snow, ice), weather, slope, tire condition, brake wear, ABS, load, and the driver’s state (alertness or impairment). Vehicle characteristics such as mass, braking system quality, and tire grip also play a role. Environmental conditions like wind and road surface texture can further affect stopping performance.

In general, stopping distance increases with speed. Perception-reaction distance grows linearly with speed, while braking distance increases roughly with the square of speed under constant conditions, assuming consistent deceleration and tire friction. This means small increases in speed can lead to disproportionately larger stopplengde, especially on poor surfaces or when tires are worn.

To improve safety, drivers should maintain a safe following distance, adapt speed to road and weather conditions, and ensure that tires, brakes, and other critical systems are in good condition. Recognizing varying stopplengde helps drivers choose appropriate speeds and maintain control in dynamic driving environments.