steriligo

Steriligo, also known as tinea incognito, is a dermatological condition characterized by an atypical presentation of fungal infections, primarily dermatophytosis, due to the use of topical corticosteroids. The term "steriligo" is derived from the Latin word "sterilis," meaning barren or infertile, reflecting the suppressed or altered appearance of the infection.

The condition typically manifests as a chronic, inflammatory dermatosis with poorly defined borders, often lacking the classic features of fungal infections such as scaling, erythema, or pruritus. The use of topical corticosteroids can modify the clinical presentation, making diagnosis challenging. Steriligo can affect any part of the body, including the scalp, body, and groin areas.

The diagnosis of steriligo requires a high index of suspicion, as the clinical presentation can be misleading. Dermatophytes may be difficult to isolate due to the suppressive effect of corticosteroids. A potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation or fungal culture can aid in confirming the diagnosis. Additionally, a skin biopsy may be performed to rule out other dermatological conditions.

Treatment of steriligo involves the discontinuation of topical corticosteroids and the initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy. Oral or topical antifungals, such as terbinafine, itraconazole, or griseofulvin, may be prescribed based on the severity and location of the infection. The underlying fungal infection typically resolves with proper antifungal treatment, although the skin may take time to return to its normal appearance.

Prevention of steriligo emphasizes the judicious use of topical corticosteroids and avoiding their prolonged or inappropriate application. Patient education about the potential risks and proper use of these medications is crucial in preventing the development of steriligo.