soojuslõhke

Soojuslõhke refers to a phenomenon where a material undergoes rapid expansion and potential fragmentation due to a sudden increase in temperature. This is often caused by a thermal shock, where a significant temperature difference is applied across the material, leading to differential expansion and stress. The rate of temperature change is a critical factor. Fast heating can induce internal stresses that exceed the material's tensile strength, resulting in fracture. Common examples include glass breaking when a hot liquid is poured into a cold container, or certain types of ceramics cracking under extreme temperature fluctuations. The susceptibility to soojuslõhke varies greatly depending on the material's properties, such as its coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, and fracture toughness. Materials with high coefficients of thermal expansion and low thermal conductivity are generally more prone to this type of damage. Understanding soojuslõhke is important in various engineering applications, from designing heat-resistant components to preventing failures in extreme environments.