smoothhound

The smoothhound is a collective term for several species of small to medium-sized sharks belonging to the family **Triakidae**, commonly found in coastal waters around the world. These sharks are characterized by their smooth, slender bodies, relatively small size, and distinctive dorsal fins. They are often mistaken for other shark species due to their similar appearance, particularly to the much larger hammerhead sharks.

Smoothhounds are typically found in temperate and subtropical regions, inhabiting both shallow coastal waters and deeper offshore areas. They are bottom-dwellers, often resting on the seabed during the day and becoming more active at night. Some well-known species include the **spotted houndshark** (*Triakis maculata*), the **small-spotted catshark** (*Scyliorhinus canicula*), and the **epaulette shark** (*Hemiscyllium ocellatum*), which is notable for its ability to "walk" on its fins when stranded in shallow water.

These sharks generally feed on a variety of prey, including fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods. Their diet varies depending on species and habitat, but they are primarily opportunistic feeders. Smoothhounds play an important role in marine ecosystems by controlling prey populations and serving as a food source for larger predators.

Most smoothhound species are not considered dangerous to humans, as they tend to avoid interaction and are relatively small. However, some larger species may deliver a painful bite if provoked. Due to their ecological importance and commercial value as a food source, several smoothhound populations have faced declines from overfishing and habitat destruction. Conservation efforts are ongoing in some regions to protect these species and maintain healthy marine environments.

Smoothhounds are often targeted by recreational and commercial fisheries, where they are valued for their meat, fins, and skin. In some cultures, their liver oil is also harvested for its high vitamin content. Aquarium displays occasionally feature smoothhounds, particularly the epaulette shark, which is popular among marine enthusiasts due to its unique behavior.