smithry

Smithry is the craft of working with metals, particularly iron and steel, to create tools, weapons, and other functional or decorative objects. The process involves heating metal to high temperatures, shaping it through hammering or other techniques, and then cooling it to achieve desired properties. Historically, smiths played a crucial role in societies by producing essential items such as agricultural tools, armor, and horseshoes.

The practice dates back to prehistoric times, with evidence of early smithing found in artifacts from the Bronze Age. Iron smithing became prominent during the Iron Age, around 1200 BCE, as civilizations learned to extract iron from its ore. Traditional smithing requires a forge—a furnace or hearth where metal is heated—and a hammer or anvil for shaping. The smith controls the metal’s temperature and workability through careful manipulation of heat and force.

Modern smithry has evolved with advancements in metallurgy and machinery, though traditional methods remain valued for their craftsmanship and artistry. Blacksmiths today often specialize in decorative work, such as creating sculptures, gates, or custom furniture, while industrial smithing involves mass production using automated processes. The skill of smithry combines technical knowledge of metal properties with artistic creativity, making it both a practical trade and a form of expression.