siklus

Siklus is a term used in Indonesian and Malay to describe a set of events or processes that recur in a regular sequence. The word derives from the English cycle, which in turn comes from Latin cyclus and Greek kuklos. In everyday usage, siklus applies to natural, biological, and human-made processes that proceed through distinct stages and return to an initial state.

In natural systems, siklus describe processes that move matter and energy through different reservoirs. The water cycle involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff. The carbon cycle tracks the exchange of carbon among air, water, organisms, and rocks, while the nitrogen cycle covers transformations by microbes and plants. Biological cycles include the life cycle of organisms, plant phenology tied to seasonal cycles, and circadian rhythms that regulate daily physiology. These cycles are maintained by feedbacks, thresholds, and environmental cues.

In human contexts, siklus appear in economics, health, and social planning. Economic cycles refer to periods of expansion and contraction in markets and activity, with varying durations. Reproductive, menstrual, and seasonal cycles influence health, agriculture, and behavior. Understanding cycles helps with forecasting, resource management, and policy design, and it highlights the interconnectedness of systems through recurring patterns.

Studies of siklus use time-series analysis, mathematical modeling, and simulations to identify periodicities and predict future states. They emphasize that cycles can be damped, amplified, or disrupted by external forces, and that accurate interpretation depends on scale and context.