signální

Signální is an adjective used in Czech and related languages to mean "relating to a signal or signaling." It is formed from the noun signál (signal) with the adjectival suffix -ní, and it is commonly employed in technical, scientific, and engineering terminology to describe systems, devices, or processes that convey, interpret, or respond to signals.

In transportation, especially railway signaling, signální describes equipment and procedures that communicate information to operators and vehicles. Examples include signální světla (signal lights), signální návěstidla (signal signals), and signální systémy that regulate movement and safety.

In electronics and telecommunications, signální terms denote circuits, protocols, and interfaces involved in signaling rather than payload data. Signální obvody, signální protokoly and signální cesty are used to distinguish control information from user data in communication systems.

In biology and biochemistry, signální is used in phrases like signální dráha (signaling pathway) and signální molekula to refer to mechanisms by which cells transmit and respond to external or internal cues. These terms describe cascades of molecular interactions that govern cellular behavior.

The term also appears in broader contexts, where signální describes any signaling-related aspect of a system, from warning indicators to diagnostic procedures. See also: signál, signální systém, signální dráha.