seminar

A seminar is a form of academic meeting or professional instruction in which a small group discusses a particular subject, guided by a facilitator or expert. Seminars emphasize participant inquiry and discussion rather than one-way lecturing, and they often involve critical analysis of readings or data.

In universities and research institutions, seminars are common for graduate seminars, departmental talks, and method-focused sessions. Participants may present findings, lead discussions, or introduce papers. Readings or data are typically circulated in advance, and sessions may culminate in a written or oral report.

The typical format includes a brief presentation or overview followed by discussion, questions, and collaborative analysis. Some seminars are scheduled regularly as part of a course or program; others are standalone events within a department or professional body. Formats can be in-person or online, and may include guest speakers.

Variations include research seminars, where scholars present ongoing work; practice-oriented seminars, sometimes called problem seminars; and lunch seminars, which are shorter and intended to fit around work obligations. In online settings, webinars and virtual seminars use video conferencing tools.

Seminars differ from lectures in their emphasis on interaction and critique, from conferences in scope and scale, and from workshops in advancing practical skills. They are valued for in-depth exploration of topics, development of analytical skills, and opportunities for networking within a field.