sebességváltót

A sebességváltó, commonly referred to as a gearbox, is a mechanical system that transmits power from an engine to a driven component, such as the wheels of a vehicle. Its primary function is to alter the torque and speed of the rotating input shaft to match the requirements of the output. This is achieved by using a system of gears with varying sizes. By engaging different gear combinations, the ratio between the engine's speed and the output shaft's speed can be changed, effectively controlling how much force (torque) is delivered and at what speed.

There are several types of sebességváltók. Manual transmissions require the driver to select gears using a clutch pedal and a gear lever. Automatic transmissions, on the other hand, change gears automatically without driver intervention, often using hydraulic pressure or electronic control. Continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) offer an infinite range of gear ratios, providing smoother acceleration and potentially better fuel efficiency than traditional geared transmissions. Dual-clutch transmissions (DCTs) combine aspects of both manual and automatic transmissions, offering rapid gear changes and high efficiency.

The selection of the appropriate gear is crucial for efficient vehicle operation. Lower gears provide higher torque for starting from a standstill or climbing steep inclines, while higher gears allow for greater speed with lower engine revolutions, improving fuel economy on the highway. The design and operation of the sebességváltó are fundamental to the performance, efficiency, and drivability of many machines, particularly automobiles.