rutiini

Rutiini, known in English as rutin, is a flavonoid glycoside (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside). It belongs to the flavonol class and consists of the aglycone quercetin bound to the disaccharide rutinose. As a plant secondary metabolite, rutin can be hydrolyzed to quercetin and rutinose in the gut or in acidic conditions.

Rutiini occurs in a wide range of plants. It is particularly abundant in buckwheat, but it is also found in citrus fruits, apples, onions, tea, and many herbs. The amounts vary with plant species, cultivars, and processing methods. Humans typically consume rutin through diet or as a dietary supplement.

Pharmacological properties attributed to rutiini include antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It is best known for supporting vascular health, including reducing capillary fragility and potentially improving microcirculation. While laboratory and animal studies suggest beneficial effects, clinical evidence in humans is mixed and often dependent on dose, formulation, and participant characteristics.

Rutiini is marketed both as a dietary supplement and as a component in some traditional medicinal preparations. It is not considered an essential nutrient. Generally, rutin is well tolerated, but high doses can cause gastrointestinal upset. Potential interactions with anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications have been reported in some contexts, so individuals on such therapies should consult a healthcare provider. Pregnant or lactating individuals and those with plant allergies should exercise caution.

Chemically, rutin can be hydrolyzed to quercetin and rutinose, a conversion that occurs via digestive enzymes or acid hydrolysis. Ongoing research continues to explore its bioavailability and potential therapeutic applications.