rousa

Rusa, commonly known as rusa deer, is a genus of deer in the family Cervidae. The genus comprises two widely accepted living species: the Javan rusa (Rusa timorensis) and the sambar deer (Rusa unicolor). In some taxonomic treatments the sambar is placed in the genus Cervus rather than Rusa.

Rusa timorensis is native to Timor and parts of Indonesia, while Rusa unicolor inhabits the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Populations have been introduced outside their native range for hunting or ornamental purposes; in some places they are kept in zoos or fenced reserves.

Physically, rusa deer are medium to large for deer, with males bearing antlers shed annually. Coat colors range from brown to reddish-brown, with regional and seasonal variation. They occupy forest edges, woodlands, and grasslands, often near water.

Behavior and ecology: They are herbivores feeding on grasses, leaves, fruits, and buds. Social structure varies; females and their offspring form groups, while males may be solitary or form small bachelor groups outside the breeding season. Breeding can be seasonal, with peaks in certain locations, and gestation lasts several months, producing usually one fawn.

Conservation: Conservation status varies by species; habitat loss and hunting have affected some populations. The rusa deer is also present in captivity and in managed reserves, where they are sometimes used for ecological education or as part of wildlife-viewing programs.