rischi

Rischi is the Italian term for risks, used to describe the possibility of adverse events and their consequences. In general, risk combines the probability of a harmful event with the magnitude of its impact, often expressed as risk = likelihood × consequence.

The practice of risk management involves identifying, analyzing, evaluating, treating, and monitoring risks. A typical approach uses a risk register to document risks, a risk matrix to prioritize by likelihood and impact, and quantitative methods when data allow. Residual risk is the level remaining after mitigation, and risk appetite defines how much risk an organization is willing to accept.

Common risk categories include financial risks (credit, liquidity, market), operational risks (process failures, supply chain disruption), safety and health risks (occupational hazards), environmental risks (pollution, climate events), legal and regulatory risks, reputational risks, and cyber risks (data breaches, cyberattacks). In specific sectors, terminology such as rischio finanziario, rischio di credito, rischio clinico, and rischio ambientale is used in Italian.

Risk management frameworks, such as ISO 31000 and COSO, provide principles for establishing governance, embedding risk management in strategy, and ensuring monitoring and reporting. The process supports decision making, resilience, compliance, and value creation by reducing uncertainty and limiting potential losses.

In Italy and the European Union, risk assessments are required in many fields, including occupational safety, environmental protection, and product liability. Risk communication and stakeholder engagement are essential to ensure understanding and action.