retouchers

Retouchers are professionals who edit and manipulate digital photographs to improve aesthetics, correct technical issues, or prepare images for publication. They typically work after a photographer has captured the shot, applying adjustments that range from subtle color corrections to extensive compositing. Retouching is common in commercial, editorial, fashion, beauty, and product photography, as well as in advertising campaigns and stock image libraries.

Common techniques include color correction and tonal adjustment, skin smoothing and blemish removal, whitening of teeth, and sharpen/denoise operations. More advanced work uses masking, frequency separation for texture preservation, dodge and burn for light control, and selective enhancements that alter shape or feature appearance. Software most often used includes Adobe Photoshop and Lightroom, with other tools such as Capture One or GIMP.

Workflow typically starts with a client brief and access to raw files. A color-managed pipeline ensures consistent output across devices. The retoucher proposes a proof stage, then delivers final files in agreed formats (for example TIFF or high-quality JPEG) and color spaces (sRGB, Adobe RGB, or ProPhoto). Documentation may include layer notes and a version history.

Retouchers may be full-time studio staff, freelancers, or collaborators in photography studios. They often work remotely for clients around the world, handling short- and long-term assignments. Rates are commonly per image or hourly, varying with complexity, deadline, and market.

Ethical considerations include the potential to mislead viewers by altering appearance beyond reasonable standards. Many editors adhere to guidelines about disclosure, consent, and preserving the integrity of the subject, especially in journalism or documentary contexts. In fashion and beauty, there is ongoing debate about realism and body image.